Everything about Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylase totally explained
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| image = DOPA decarboxylase dimer 1JS3.png
| width = 250
| HGNCid = 2719
| Symbol = DDC
| AltSymbols =
| EntrezGene = 1644
| OMIM = 107930
| RefSeq = NM_000790
| UniProt = P20711
| PDB =
| ECnumber = 4.1.1.28
| Chromosome = 7
| Arm = p
| Band = 11
| LocusSupplementaryData =
}}
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (synonyms: DOPA decarboxylase,
tryptophan decarboxylase, 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, AAAD) is a
lyase enzyme.
Reactions
It catalyzes several different
decarboxylation reactions:
The enzyme uses
pyridoxal phosphate as a
cofactor.
As a rate limiting step
In normal
dopamine and
serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter synthesis, AAAD isn't the
rate-limiting step in either reaction. However, AAAD becomes the rate-limiting step of dopamine synthesis in patients treated with L-DOPA (such as in
Parkinson's Disease), and the rate-limiting step of serotonin synthesis in people treated with 5-HTP (such as in mild
depression or
dysthymia).
AAAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of
biogenic trace amines.
Genetics
The
gene encoding the enzyme is located on
chromosome 7 in humans.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylase'.
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